科研成果
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The data paper as a sociolinguistic epistemic object: A content analysis on the rhetorical moves used in data paper abstracts
The data paper is an emerging academic genre that focuses on the description of research data objects. However, there is a lack of empirical knowledge about this rising genre in quantitative science studies, particularly from the perspective of its linguistic features. To fill this gap, this research aims to offer a first quantitative examination of which rhetorical moves-rhetorical units performing a coherent narrative function-are used in data paper abstracts, as well as how these moves are used. To this end, we developed a new classification scheme for rhetorical moves in data paper abstracts by expanding a well-received system that focuses on English-language research article abstracts. We used this expanded scheme to classify and analyze rhetorical moves used in two flagship data journals, Scientific Data and Data in Brief. We found that data papers exhibit a combination of introduction, method, results, and discussion- and data-oriented moves and that the usage differences between the journals can be largely explained by journal policies concerning abstract and paper structure. This research offers a novel examination of how the data paper, a data-oriented knowledge representation, is composed, which greatly contributes to a deeper understanding of research data and its publication in the scholarly communication system.
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Storified narrative: Awake photo archives in digital humanities
The rise and development of digital humanities have brought new challenges and possibilities to the archival narrative. This article aims to explore the storified narrative path to awake photo archives in digital humanities. The authors clarify plot and plot unit definitions first, then focus on photo archives to analyze the path realization of the storified narrative. The authors also take the photo archives of Chinese Archivist Mr Wu Baokang, an example for a more specific explanation, which Mrs Wu Jiaqing authorizes. The plot-driven storified narrative path of photo archives involves two parts: story elements deconstruction and plot units representation, narrative clues construction, and plot generation. The plot-driven, storified narrative path can fully play the advantages of storifying and promoting the critical development of archival narrative under the research paradigm of digital humanities. By exploring the storified narrative path of archives, it is helpful to promote the activation, in-depth utilization, and widespread dissemination of archives, promote the integration of archival narrative with digital humanities, and provide support for digital humanities research.
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COVID-19 Rumor Detection on Social Networks Based on Content Information and User Response
The outbreak of COVID-19 has caused a huge shock for human society. As people experience the attack of the COVID-19 virus, they also are experiencing an information epidemic at the same time. Rumors about COVID-19 have caused severe panic and anxiety. Misinformation has even undermined epidemic prevention to some extent and exacerbated the epidemic. Social networks have allowed COVID-19 rumors to spread unchecked. Removing rumors could protect people's health by reducing people's anxiety and wrong behavior caused by the misinformation. Therefore, it is necessary to research COVID-19 rumor detection on social networks. Due to the development of deep learning, existing studies have proposed rumor detection methods from different perspectives. However, not all of these approaches could address COVID-19 rumor detection. COVID-19 rumors are more severe and profoundly influenced, and there are stricter time constraints on COVID-19 rumor detection. Therefore, this study proposed and verified the rumor detection method based on the content and user responses in limited time CR-LSTM-BE. The experimental results show that the performance of our approach is significantly improved compared with the existing baseline methods. User response information can effectively enhance COVID-19 rumor detection.
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Information culture and recordkeeping: a case of Chinese enterprises
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report findings from an investigation on the information culture and recordkeeping in two Chinese companies, exploring the interaction between information culture and recordkeeping. Design/methodology/approach On the basis of systematic literature review, this research investigates the information culture and recordkeeping in two Chinese companies by conducting in-depth interviews with the staff of the two companies. Findings The attitude of the leadership and the staff towards records and information is different in the result-oriented information culture and rule-following culture. If a company aims to stay innovative and competitive, an information culture that can facilitate the good governance of records and information should be developed, and information professionals can play a key role in working towards this. Originality/value As a qualitative study of information culture and recordkeeping in Chinese companies, this paper provides the insight into the interaction between information culture and recordkeeping, demonstrates the impact of information culture on information governance and identifies the factors influencing information culture in an organization.
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Versioning boundary objects: the citation profile of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM)
Purpose Research objects, such as datasets and classification standards, are difficult to be incorporated into a document-centric framework of citations, which relies on unique citable works. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorder (DSM)-a dominant classification scheme used for mental disorder diagnosis-however provides a unique lens on examining citations to a research object, given that it straddles the boundaries as a single research object with changing manifestations. Design/methodology/approach Using over 180,000 citations received by the DSM, this paper analyzes how the citation history of DSM is represented by its various versions, and how it is cited in different knowledge domains as an important boundary object. Findings It shows that all recent DSM versions exhibit a similar citation cascading pattern, which is characterized by a strong replacement effect between two successive versions. Moreover, the shift of the disciplinary contexts of DSM citations can be largely explained by different DSM versions as distinct epistemic objects. Practical implications Based on these results, the authors argue that all DSM versions should be treated as a series of connected but distinct citable objects. The work closes with a discussion of the ways in which the existing scholarly infrastructure can be reconfigured to acknowledge and trace a broader array of research objects. Originality/value This paper connects quantitative methods and an important sociological concept, i.e. boundary object, to offer deeper insights into the scholarly communication system. Moreover, this work also evaluates how versioning, as a significant yet overlooked attribute of information resources, influenced the citation patterns of citable objects, which will contribute to more material-oriented scientific infrastructures.
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基于国际标准的“数据利用”核心概念及概念体系研究
识别国际标准中"数据利用"的核心概念及其关系,明晰国际标准中的数据利用共识,指导我国数据利用的标准化协同。[研究设计/方法]基于ISO 704:2009《术语工作原则与方法》,对国际标准在线术语库中的"数据利用"有关标准定义进行文本分析,识别"数据利用"核心概念、属性特征、场景,分析核心概念之间的关系,构建"数据利用"核心概念体系。[结论/发现]提出了基于国际标准的"数据利用"六维度核心概念体系及其标准化协同路径。[创新/价值]面向数据赋能和标准赋能的数据利用国家战略需求,为我国积极参与"数据利用"领域的国际标准制定提供指导,对促进我国"数据利用"标准化工作与国际接轨具有参考价值。
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科技情报机构服务资源高端平台建设的思考
本文从高端交流平台和服务资源高端平台的解读开始,分析我国科技情报机构服务资源的类型,并以国家科技图书文献中心和中国科技情报网为例,简要阐述我国科技情报机构代表性大型服务资源平台的建设状况,提出强化基础保障、促进资源深度整合、规划协调特色资源、制定资源建设联合发展战略等服务资源高端平台建设策略。
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健康服务转型中图书馆联盟的作用——以NNLM实践为基础的研究
图书馆服务向健康服务拓展是未来图书馆的发展趋势,整体上看,目前我国图书馆开展此项服务的能力明显不足,需要有系统的能力提升计划才能顺应时代给图书馆提供的机会和满足社会的需求。本文通过对美国医学图书馆联盟（NNLM）支持图书馆健康服务转型实践的分析与研究,探究图书馆联盟在图书馆健康服务转型过程中为能力建设赋能的经验,提出对我国建立医学图书馆联盟以促进图书馆服务向公众健康服务拓展的思考和建议。研究显示,NNLM在提供公众健康信息资源和技术支持、健康延伸活动项目的资金支持、推行健康主题的国家级倡议、提供公众健康信息服务职业能力的培育、促进多方协同合作以及构建评价体系等方面为成员提供了服务和支持;在健康服务转型中,图书馆应建立综合性图书馆联盟的开放性和包容性思维,图书馆联盟要参与国家健康倡议和健康行动的推进,为图书馆健康服务转型中的能力建设提供支持,并且促进多方协同合作以构建良好的健康服务生态。结合我国"健康中国2030"国家战略的要求,本研究认为,建立我国国家范围的医学图书馆联盟,需要做好图书馆联盟建设的计划和规划,通过图书馆联盟促进图书馆和相关社会力量形成合力,通过联盟服务提升图书馆整体服务能力,建立以图书馆为核心的健康服务良好生态。
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面向资产化利用的我国地方政府开放数据政策调查及其启示
在国家层面明确数据成为生产要素的背景，政府开放数据的政策研究旨在明确政府开放数据面向资产化利用的政策支持与优化策略。[方法/过程]基于文本分析方法，对省级的政府开放数据相关政策展开调查，确认政策制定情况与面向资产化利用的政府开放数据内容要点。[结果/结论]通过梳理，政府开放数据政策以战略规划明确资产化利用导向、以基础规范建立资产化利用基础、以专门规定确定资产化利用行动，同数据资产化利用的关联可解析为政府开放数据多维驱动数据资产化利用的连续性建构、数据资产化利用多元推进政府开放数据拓展。由此，对政策的优化方向展望为夯实专业规则系统之下的政策基础、拓展数据治理框架下的政策体系。
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面向政府数据治理的社会参与促进策略研究——全球代表性实践的调查及其启示
旨在面向政府数据治理要求，明确其中促进社会参与的方法与策略。[方法/过程]通过面向全球调查政府数据治理中各类促进社会参与的实践，梳理不同类型的行动并从行动内涵、主体协同、内容体系三方面分析实践要点。[结果/结论]提出我国促进社会参与政府数据治理的行动设计：充实数据制度以显性扩充社会参与要义，完善数据主体架构以拓展协同形态设计视角，对接社会参与数据治理复杂性以丰富行动体系。
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国外图书馆主导的数字记忆社会化建构进展：定位、路径与策略
立足国外图书馆主导的数字记忆社会化建构实践，旨在明确具体行动策略与方向。[研究设计/方法 ]文章通过调查代表性案例识别图书馆在数字记忆社会化建构实践中的功能定位，归纳解析其实践路径及建构要点。[结论/发现]由此，提出建构策略为依托数字记忆理论与方法确立建构体系、基于数字特质建设全景式记忆资源、引领社会力量建立分众参与机制、集成双重举措强化建构保障。基于现有实践经验进一步从理论方法体系建设、促进流程再造优化、确立协调合作框架、探索行动保障机制四方面提出可发展的方向。[创新/价值]为我国图书馆面向数字记忆保存与传承拓展职能、创新服务提供经验借鉴，促进数字记忆社会化建构模式的形成与推广。
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中国、泰国、尼泊尔贝叶经保护模式的对比研究
贝叶经分散保存于世界许多国家,对于这份珍贵的文献遗产,各国保存机构的保存方式和保护措施各不相同。中国、尼泊尔和泰国在过去的几十年时间里先后在贝叶经写本保护、缩微复制抢救、数字化利用等方面开展工作,形成了具有特色的保护方式。本文通过分析三个国家开展的在全球引起较大反响的贝叶经保护项目,对比其保护的任务、内容及成果等,归纳得出三种保护模式。文章在分析属地保护、属地保存+跨国合作保护、集中保存与保护三种模式特点的基础上,构建了面向利用的贝叶经保护体系。贝叶经保护的三种模式是不同时代、不同环境、不同文化背景的产物,数字化抢救、加强贝叶经信息资源的建设、构建利用共享平台是实现"藏"与"用"并重的重要举措。
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中国档案学学科结构的演进与发展
自20世纪30年代中国档案学产生伊始,档案学学科的构建也随之拉开序幕。中国档案学学科结构是档案学学科体系内在逻辑的结构性体现,构建合理的学科结构对档案学学科发展具有重要意义。从科学学角度,中国档案学学科结构经历了准科学阶段（20世纪30年代—1949）、前科学阶段（1949—1966）、向常规科学过渡阶段（20世纪80—90年代）和常规科学阶段（21世纪以来）的历史演变过程。新时代中国档案学学科结构发展的方向是:开放包容型的中国档案学学科结构、社会需求导向型的中国档案学学科结构、问题导向型的中国档案学学科结构、叙述模式多样化的中国档案学学科结构。
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移动数字鸿沟研究进展
随着移动互联网时代的到来,以智能手机为代表的移动设备上网比例显著增加,移动互联网和移动设备对数字鸿沟产生何种影响的讨论方兴未艾,为此研究传统数字鸿沟在移动时代的内涵、范围与根源发生了何种改变。[方法/过程]采用内容分析法对已有移动数字鸿沟相关文献进行编码,归纳其研究现状。[结果/结论]通过文献梳理移动数字鸿沟的发展脉络和涵义,将其区别于传统数字鸿沟;归纳了移动数字鸿沟的4大表现维度和8类影响因素,从而较为全面地揭示移动数字鸿沟的研究现状和特点,为促进新环境下的数字公平提供理论基础。
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数字公平实现进程中的外部效应研究
本文在界定数字公平的内涵与外延基础上,从十年田野研究的个案中挖掘传统数字鸿沟和数字不平等理论无法解释的社会互动现象,引入公共物品与外部效应理论描述其存在的合理性及价值,构建适合解释此类现象的数字公平理论框架。
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国内外图情档领域学术热点比较研究——兼论学术热点与学科发展的协同关系
论文旨在比较国内外图书情报与档案管理学界的研究热点，探索学术热点与学科发展的关系。[方法/过程]论文采用计量方法考察2019—2021年间CSSCI、SSCI所反映的国内外图书情报与档案管理学科学术热点，比较其与“中国图情档学界十大学术热点”的异同，分析学术热点与学科发展之间的协同关系。[结果/结论]研究发现，国内外学界普遍关注疫情引发的健康信息问题、社交媒体中的用户行为、文献计量、图书馆管理、数据治理等问题；中国图情档学界与业界更关注学术命题与国家重大战略的连结，更加重视履行学科历史使命；学术热点推动学科发展的进程，学科建设的成果也反映在学术热点的进化中。
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中国参与世界记忆项目：理念、路径与展望
中国与世界记忆项目的互动是双向促进的过程。我国遵循以构建人类命运共同体为价值追求、以传承人类共同记忆为基本使命、立足于从“遗产大国”迈向“遗产强国”的切实需求、致力于打造文献遗产保护的典范样本等理念，从“引进—融合—延伸—反哺”等路径着手，积极参与世界记忆项目。未来，由“参与者”转向“引导者”、由“遗产本体”延伸至“背景关联”、由“单一沟通”建立起“多元对话”将成为我国参与世界记忆项目的三大重点着力方向。
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联合国教科文组织文献遗产政策及启示——基于“三步执行战略”方法论框架
文献遗产政策对实践具有引导性与约束力，是推动实践良性发展的必备要素。对标国际文献遗产政策，及时对我国文献遗产工作做出正向调整至关重要。[方法/过程]主要采用政策文本分析方法，具体步骤为：首先引入UNESCO文化遗产工作方法论框架——“三步执行战略”,通过审视UNESCO具有关键节点意义的文化遗产政策证明其合理性，并通过历史回顾梳理其内在的价值转向。其次，以此为参照，从“文献遗产的确认、保存、获取”3大方面对UNESCO文献遗产政策进行分析。最后，结合实际情况，得出对我国文献遗产工作的启示。[结果/结论]我国文献遗产工作可从以下几个方面予以改进和完善：摒弃孤立视角，关注多元联系；衔接国际原则，出台“本土化”政策；聚焦遗产名录，开展“反思性”研究；兼顾数字遗产，推动精准保护；跳出单一领域，整合多种力量。
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古代公文保密工作的特点
自古以来,公文保密工作历来受到封建统治者重视。古代公文保密工作呈现出以下几个特点:目的明确,维护封建王朝统治;机构健全,强化公文保密职责;制度严密,实行规范化管理;程序完备,注重全程管控。
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奥林匹克运动“新标杆”——2022年北京冬奥会成功举办的经验与启示
在世界百年变局加速演进、全球新冠肺炎疫情大流行的背景下，2022年北京冬奥会如期成功举办，举国关注，举世瞩目，成为载入现代奥林匹克历史的伟大壮举，为今后举办国际体育赛事或其他重大活动树立了“新标杆”。始于人本、精于创新、臻于服务、终于精彩，是总结分析2022年北京冬奥会全周期成功经验得出的重要启示，为世界提供了可借鉴的中国智慧和北京方案。